Classic coated focused flow droplet generator, large - Top Connect

SKU
11002891
Availability:
check_circle In stock
$704.39

per pack of 3

Classic coated droplet generator with a nozzle height of 50µm and channel size of 500x100µm. The channels have half semi-oval shape. In experiments reference droplets with a size ‌>5µm where produced. This version should be used for water droplets inside a oil flow. 

 

This version features a hydrophilic coating, to create water droplets inside a oil flow. In a reference experiment oil droplets large than 50µm where produced.

The channels have a half semi-oval channel shape. The droplets produced in the reference expriment are not fully round but oval because the droplet size is larger as the channel height.

       
        The channel height is 100µm, the channel width is 500µm.
When fully round droplets are desired, the "new generation" droplet generator is your choice.

The nozzle has a height of 50µm an has the following shape:

 We recommend an alternative flow direction for our "classic" droplet generators for optimal performance:

Inlet/Outlet Description Arrow colour
A - Inlet

Continuous Phase
(liquid surrounding the droplets)

Blue
B - Inlet Dispersed phase
(droplet content)
Green
C - Outlet generated emulsion Orange

 

More Information
Unit of measurementpack of 3
CoatingHydrophobic coating
Alternative item references02891, FFDG.2.50
Interface typeSideconnect
Chip materialBorosilicate glass
Chip thickness1.8mm
Number of inlets2
Number of outlets1
FluidsWater droplets inside an oil flow (coated, hydrophobic surface)
Customer Questions
How do I clean my chips?
One simple but very effective way to clean a microchip is to flush an alkaline solution through the channels. A solution of 1 M sodium hydroxide in water works well, but a lower concentration might also be sufficient. If traces of the cleaning solution remain inside the chip after cleaning, rinse with water or ammonia. Further, plastic parts should not be exposed to alkaline solutions.
To remove particulate matter from your chip, a water bath with ultrasonic agitation can be used, preferably while flushing a watery solution through the channels.
Glass microchips can be heated (e.g. 400°C) causing any organic material on the glass surface to degrade. Try to use lower temperatures first because burning the content could make it stick. Make sure you only heat the glass chip and not the plastic parts around it.
Concentrated sulfuric acid works well to dissolve organic material, such as fibres, that are difficult to remove with alkaline solutions. Always keep in mind that you are working with extremely corrosive material. Please note that this instruction is focused on the chip itself, PEEK elements like connectors are not so compatible with strong sulforic acid.
Please note that chips that were coated by Micronit have different guidelines for cleaning!
I need a pumping system for my setup. Which one do you recommend?
We recommend using a high precision pumping system. Regular syringe pumps often don't work very well for droplet generators. There are several high precision pumping systems on the market that work with different pumping principles. To name one, we'd like to mention that we have had positive experiences with the equipment Fluigent offers: https://www.fluigent.com/  
Which flowrates should I use?
This depends on many things. For example on the type of fluid that you are using. Check our flowrate instructions to find out how to start.
I only see streaks of fluids but no droplets. How do I get the droplets?
Decrease your flowrate. Check our flowrate instructions for a more acurate explanation.
Which surfactants should I use?
Use our surfactant guide for advice on surfactants.
Should I use coated or uncoated droplet generators?
Have a look at our article about surface wetting properties.
Publication: Controlled and tunable polymer particles' production using a single microfluidic device
Amoyav, Benzion, and Ofra Benny "Controlled and tunable polymer particles’ production using a single microfluidic device." Applied Nanoscience (2018): 1-10. Abstract Microfluidics technology offers a new platform to control liquids under flow in small volumes. The advantage of using smallscale reactions for droplet generation along with the capacity to control the preparation parameters, making microfluidic chips an attractive technology for optimizing encapsulation formulations. However, one of the drawbacks in this methodology is the ability to obtain a wide range of droplet sizes, from sub-micron to microns using a single chip design. In fact, typically, droplet chips are used for micron-dimension particles, while nanoparticles’ synthesis requires complex chips design (i.e., microreactors and staggered herringbone micromixer). Here, we introduce the development of a highly tunable and controlled encapsulation technique, using two polymer compositions, for generating particles ranging from microns to nano-size using the same simple single microfluidic chip design. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA 50:50) or PLGA/polyethylene glycol polymeric particles were prepared with focused-flow chip, yielding monodisperse particle batches. We show that by varying flow rate, solvent, surfactant and polymer composition, we were able to optimize particles’ size and decrease polydispersity index, using simple chip designs with no further related adjustments or costs. Utilizing this platform, which offers tight tuning of particle properties, could offer an important tool for formulation development and can potentially pave the way towards a better precision nanomedicine. Keywords: Microfluidics · Nanoparticles · Microparticles · Polymeric particles · Focused flow
Publication: Spatiotemporal variation of endogenous cell-generated stresses within 3D multicellular spheroids
Lucio, Adam A., et al. "Spatiotemporal variation of endogenous cell-generated stresses within 3D multicellular spheroids." Scientific reports 7.1 (2017): 12022. Abstract Multicellular spheroids serve as an excellent platform to study tissue behavior and tumor growth in a controlled, three-dimensional (3D) environment. While molecular and cellular studies have long used this platform to study cell behavior in 3D, only recently have studies using multicellular spheroids shown an important role for the mechanics of the microenvironment in a wide range of cellular processes, including during tumor progression. Despite the well-established relevance of mechanical cues to cell behavior and the numerous studies on mechanics using 2D cell culture systems, the spatial and temporal variations in endogenous cellular forces within growing multicellular aggregates remain unknown. Using cell-sized oil droplets with controlled physicochemical properties as force transducers in mesenchymal cell aggregates, we show that the magnitude of cell-generated stresses varies only weakly with spatial location within the spherical aggregate, but it increases considerably over time during aggregate compaction and growth. Moreover, our results indicate that the temporal increase in cellular stresses is due to increasing cell pulling forces transmitted via integrin-mediated cell adhesion, consistent with the need for larger intercellular pulling forces to compact cell aggregates.
Can I use fluorinated oils in combination with coated chips?
Our chips are tested in combination with Fluo-Oil 7500 from Darwin-Microfluidics.  
What's important in selection of a suitable microscope objective (regular bottom thickness chips)?
A inverted miscope is recommend, as most surface for observation is on the bottom (non-inlet side).
The objective working distance is a critical parameter for selection of an objective.  Most default objectives are indented for a #1.5 cover slip which is only 170µm thick, where the thickness below channel is mostly in the range of 400-900µm.   
Those objectives with longer working distance are often called non-coverglass objectives.
Where possible we would recommend to work dry. In most cases it should be possible to use the channel edge or other well defined point  as reference for manual size corrections, this would reduce the need for corrections by the objective.
What is the roughness of the etched structures?
Wet etched structures are extremely smooth and have a roughness in Angstrom range. The structures are fully optical transparent. 
Large roughness for structures in glass chips is typical observed for structures manufactured by use of laser assisted manufacturing techniques or abrasion-based techniques like powder blasting. Almost all catalogue products from Micronit are manufactured using wet etching to create full transparent channels without substantial roughness. 
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